#
|
Official name
|
ID
|
Date
|
UT
|
Launcher
|
Probe type
|
Remarks
|
1
|
Sputnik 7
|
1961-002A
|
04.02.61
|
01:18
|
8K78 #L-1-6
|
1VA
(No. 1)
|
4 th stage ullage rocket unit
failed due to absence of power to its timer (D/DC converter failure). Intended
to impact Venus.
|
2
|
Venera-1
|
1961-003A
|
12.02.61
|
00:34
|
8K78 #L-1-7
|
1VA
(No. 2)
|
Probe failed. Intended to impact
Venus.
|
3
|
-
|
1962-040A
|
25.08.62
|
02:56
|
8K78 #T-103-12
|
2MV-1
(No. 3)
|
At T+60:50 min one of 4 solid
ullage rockets in 4 th stage did not fire causing tthe stage to tumble.
Intended to land on Venus.
|
4
|
-
|
1962-043C
|
01.09.62
|
02:12
|
8K78 #T-103-13
|
2MV-1
(No. 4)
|
At T+61:30 min the 4 th stage
ignition command failed because fuel valve did not open. Intended to land
on Venus.
|
5
|
-
|
1962-045A
|
12.09.62
|
00:59
|
8K78 #T-103-14
|
2MV-2
(No.1)
|
At T+531 secs one vernier in
3rd stage exploded because LOX valve did not close. 4th stage did enter
orbit, but oxidiser pump cavitated and 4 th stage main engine cut off after
0.8 sec. A Venus fly-by was intended.
|
6
|
-
|
-
|
19.02.64
|
05:37
|
8K78M #T15000-19
|
3MV-1A
(No. 4A)
|
LOX leak in 3 rd stage froze
fuel in pipe and it eventually exploded. An engineering test.
|
7
|
Kosmos 27
|
1964-014A
|
27.03.64
|
03:24
|
8K78M #T15000-22
|
3MV-1
(No. 5)
|
While in parking orbit 4th stage
lost attitude control because pneumatic valves in control system lost power.
Intended to land on Venus.
|
8
|
Zond-1
|
1964-016D
|
02.04.64
|
02:42
|
8K78M #T15000-23
|
3MV-1
(No. 4)
|
Probe failed en-route. Intended
to land on Venus.
|
9
|
Venera-2
|
1965-091A
|
12.11.65
|
05:02
|
8K78M
|
3MV-4
(No. 4)
|
m=963 kg. Passed Venus 0222
UT 27 Feb 1966 at 24000km
|
10
|
Venera-3
|
1965-092A
|
16.11.65
|
04:19
|
8K78M
|
3MV-3
(No. 1)
|
m=960 kg. Reached surface of
Venus at 0656 UT 1 March 1966.
|
11
|
Kosmos 96
|
1965-094A
|
23.11.65
|
03:14
|
8K78M
|
3MV-4
(No. 6)
|
At T+528 sec one engine of 3rd
stage blew up due to broken fuel-line. 4 th stage entered orbit tumbling.
Venus fly-by intended.
|
12
|
Venera-4
|
1967-058A
|
12.06.67
|
02:40
|
8K78M
|
1V (V-67)
|
m=1106 kg.
|
13
|
Kosmos 167
|
1967-063A
|
17.06.67
|
02:36
|
8K78M
|
1V (V-67)
|
4th stage failed to ignite,
because turbopump had not been cooled prior to ignition. Wiring error suspected.
A landing on Venus was intended.
|
14
|
Venera-5
|
1969-001A
|
05.01.69
|
06:28
|
8K78M
|
2V (V-69)
|
Venera 5 survived for 53 minutes
in the atmosphere of Venus and reached 26 km from the surface.
|
15
|
Venera-6
|
1969-002A
|
10.01.69
|
05:52
|
8K78M
|
2V (V-69)
|
Venera 6 said to have survived
to 10-12 km altitude 51 minutes after atmospheric entry.
|
-
16
|
Venera-7 |
1970-060A |
17.08.70 |
05:38 |
8K78M |
3V (V-70) |
The capsule landed at 5oS,
351o longitude. The environment on the surface measured to be
90 +/- 15 atm, 475 +/- 20oC. |
-
17
|
Kosmos 359 |
1970-065A |
22.08.70 |
05:06 |
8K78M |
3V (V-70) |
The 4 th stage was late
in igniting and cut off early after 25 sec because of faulty sequencer
and DC/DC converter failure. |
-
18
|
Venera-8 |
1972-021A |
27.03.72 |
04:15:00 |
8K78M |
3V (V-72) |
Landed successfully.
The environment on the surface was 470 +/- 8oC, 93 atm. |
-
19
|
Kosmos 482 |
1972-023A |
31.03.72 |
04:02:33 |
8K78M |
3V (V-72) |
The 4 th stage cut off early
after 125 sec due to faulty timer |
-
20
|
Venera-9 |
1975-050A |
08.06.75 |
02:37 |
8K82K-D |
4V-1 |
m=4936 kg. Took first surface
picture. |
-
21
|
Venera-10 |
1975-054A |
14.06.75 |
03:08 |
8K82K-D |
4V-1 |
m=5033 kg. Took picture
of surface. |
-
22
|
Venera-11 |
1978-084A |
09.09.78 |
04:51:50 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V-1 |
- |
-
23
|
Venera-12 |
1978-086A |
14.09.78 |
02:25 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V-1 |
- |
-
24
|
Venera-13 |
1981-106A |
30.10.81 |
06:04 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V-1M |
- |
-
25
|
Venera-14 |
1981-110A |
04.11.81 |
05:31 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V-1M |
- |
-
26
|
Venera-15 |
1983-053A |
02.06.83 |
02:38 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V2 |
Orbited Venus. Carried imaging
radar. |
-
27
|
Venera-16 |
1983-054A |
07.06.83 |
02:32 |
8K82K-D1 |
4V2 |
Orbited Venus. Carried imaging
radar. |
-
28
|
Vega-1 |
1984-125A |
15.12.84 |
09:16:24 |
8K82K-D1 |
5VK |
Dropped capsule on Venus.
Flew by Halley's comet. Telemetry rates: 3.072 - 65.536 kbps |
-
29
|
Vega-2 |
1984-128A |
20.12.84 |
09:13:52 |
8K82K-D1 |
5VK |
Dropped capsule on Venus.
Flew by Halley's comet. |